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ID_person:
184
ID_paper: 233 (Workshop)
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Geoff
Avern
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CAA
2003 - Discussion Forum
Small- and Medium-Scale 3D Modelling in Archaeology |
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While
Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Virtual Reality
(VR) have dominated 3D modelling in Archaeology for a number
of years, there is a growing number of archaeologists concerned
with 3D modelling on a smaller scale and with higher resolution
for use on finds (e.g. ceramics, lithics) and even the excavation
itself. The differences in these forms of 3D modelling are
considerable, from data acquisition devices to modelling software.
With
a slightly different emphasis than was previously advertised,
this discussion forum will provide both an introduction to
this emerging field and an opportunity for current practitioners
and interested parties to discuss issues or problems, and
share techniques and tips. The forum will be held in two sessions,
each taking the form of a number of short (10 minute) presentations
followed by open floor discussions.
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| SESSION
1 (09:00-10:30): 3D MODELLING OF ARTEFACTS |
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| Introduction
to the Discussion Forum, Dr Geoff Avern (chairman) |
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"Three-Dimensional
Digitizing of Cuneiform Tablets: requirements, solutions,
and new challenges."
PD Dr. Gerfrid G.W. Müller (Institut für
Orientalische Philologie, Universität Würzburg,
Ludwigstr. 6, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany)
There have been several attempts to produce 3D-models of cuneiform
tablets in the last few years. The paper will present the
specific requirements of Ancient Near Eastern philologists,
preliminary results and discuss problems concerning the distribution
and handling of very large models.
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"3D
Acquisition Systems: experiences from practical use of the
Fastscan by Polhemus."
Cédric Laugerotte (Systèmes Logiques
et Numériques CP 165/57, Université Libre de
Bruxelles, 50 av. F. Roosevelt, 1050 Brussels, Belgium)
In order to manipulate virtually archaeological fragments
through 3D models, it is necessary to acquire their geometry.
For this purpose, several 3D acquisition systems exist. We
chose the Fastscan system (commercialised by Polhemus) which
is based on laser triangulation. The purpose of our project
is to virtually manipulate digitalized small scale fragments
of stone sculpture in order to try to reconstruct archaeological
objects.
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"Automated
archivation of pottery."
DI. Martin Kampel (Pattern Recognition and Image Processing
Group, Institute for Automation, Vienna University of Technology,
Favoritenstr. 9/183/2, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. Email: kampel@prip.tuwien.ac.at)
We are developing a documentation system for archaeological
fragments based on their profile, which is the cross-section
of the fragment in the direction of the rotational axis of symmetry.
To achieve the profile, a 3d-representation of the object is
necessary. The main technical goal of this project is to perform
an automated classification and reconstruction of archaeological
fragments by using the profile section of the oriented object
and additional attributes (type of clay, dimensions, type of
vessel and the site) belonging to the fragment. The final aim
is to provide a tool that helps archaeologists in their archivation
process. In my talk I shall give an overview about an automated
archivation process and 3d-acquisition with respect to archaeological
requirements. |
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"Hardware
and Software Issues Involved in Three-Dimensional Artefact Modeling
Using Portable Non-Contact Laser Digitizers."
Aaron Bergstrom (North Dakota State University Archaeology
Technologies Laboratory, 402 Minard Hall, NDSU, Fargo, ND 58105,
USA)
A discussion of how to use room lighting and three-dimensional
(3D) editing software to avoid including colour, resolution,
and range precision errors as part of a 3D digital artefact
model.
"Virtual
Artifacts for Virtual Museum Displays."
Prof. Jeffrey T. Clark (North Dakota State University, P.O.
Box 5075, Fargo, ND 58105, USA)
The creation of 3D digital artifacts is a value exercise for
research and preservation goals. Those models can also serve
a valuable role in public education and enjoyment. This presentation
will discuss the potential use of virtual artifacts for virtual
museum exhibits and other public oriented displays.
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| SESSION
2 (11:00-12:30): 3D MODELLING AT THE EXCAVATION. |
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"In
Situ 3D Scanning of Archaeology and Archaeological Contexts."
Alistair Carty (Archaeoptics Ltd., PO Box 3738, Glasgow
G41 4YD, Scotland.)
This presentation discusses the application of 3D laser scanning
techniques, both close-range and terrestrial, to the accurate
and fast recording of in situ archaeology and archaeological
contexts especially with regard to integration with existing
survey control and photogrammetric recording. |
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"3d
Laser Scanner and Stratigraphic Excavation."
Dr Wolfgang Neubauer (Vienna Institute for Archaeological
Science, Franz Klein-Gasse I/V, A-1190 Wien. Email: Wolfgang.Neubauer@univie.ac.at)
and Michael Doneus (Institut für Ur- und Frühgeschichte,
Franz-Kleingasse 1, A-1190 Wien. E-Mail: Michael.Doneus@univie.ac.at)
Stratigraphic excavation is based on the uncovering and recording
of the single units of stratification, i.e. of deposits and
surfaces in the reverse order of their deposition. Single deposits,
the material aspects of stratification, are 3D volumes that
are destroyed by excavating them and can only be captured by
sampling. Contrary to deposits, surfaces, the immaterial aspects
of stratification, can be recorded entirely in 3D space. The
outstanding importance of 3D single-surface recording for the
stratigraphic record encourages the use of high resolution 3D
laser scanners combined with digital imagery as a standard instrumentation
for future archaeological research. |
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"Shortcomings
of 3D Acquisition Technologies for On-site Recording."
Dr Geoff Avern (Winkfield Row, Berkshire, UK. Email:
oxynoe@madasafish.com )
There are many instruments for 3D data acquisition, employing
a number of range-finding technologies, but are any of them
a practical proposition for delivering the data we really want
for the recording of excavations? |
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"The
3D Nature of Archaeological Data: methodological and technical
issues."
Stefania Merlo (Department of Archaeology, University of
Cambridge, UK. Email: sm339@cam.ac.uk)
This presentation aims to pose some fundamental questions in
three-dimensional excavation processes. In particular it discusses
the need of strategic choices during data collection and highlights
the potential problems in using software designed for spatial
data analysis of large areas within the smaller intra-site environment. |
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[gor]22-01-2003
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